Lesson 61
【目标与要求】
一、交际用语
1）I wish we could go to the seaside today．
2）It’s a pity we live so far from the sea．
二、单词和词组
1）do well 2）make up one’s mind
3）bathe 4）time
5）come up
三、句型
1）Beautiful day，isn’t it？
2）Sounds like a good idea．
3）Take a deep breath and I’ll time you．
【讲解设计】
一、交际用语
I wish we could go to the seaside today．
但愿今天能去海边就好了。
I wish（that）…是表示“愿望”的交际用语，在wish后跟宾语从句that－clause（口语中的that常省略）。这个句型所表示的是一种不可能实现的愿望，可译作“但愿……就好了”，暗含有表示遗憾的意思。wish后的从句中要用虚拟语气。例如：
I wish I could speak Japanese．（表示现在不可能实现的愿望）
I wish I had learned how to drive a car be－ fore．（表示过去不可能实现的愿望）
I wish I would have time to visit her．（表示将来不可能实现的愿望）
二、单词和词组
1．do well
1）do well in＋sth．／doing sth．在……方面做得好
She always does well in Engfish．
她英语总是学得不错。
2）do well＋to do sth．最好……
You would do well to take his advice．
你还是接受他的劝告为好。
2．make up one’s mind下决心
这个动宾词组中的mind有单复数变化。
They made their minds to see the house．
他们决定卖掉房子。
3．bathe v．【bei】；bath n．【ba:θ】游泳；洗澡
复数baths读【ba:z】。例如：
You’d better bathe your baby once every day．你最好每天给孩子洗一次澡。
4．come up抬头；上来；上升
1）come up=rise
I got up very early that day to watch the sun come up．那天我起得很早来看日出。
2）come up＋to sb．来到某人面前
其他动词如：go／move／climb／run／fly／roll／walk／step／rush＋up to sb．都表示运动的方向或目标。例如：
He came up to me and shook my hand．
他走上前来同我握手。
三、句型
1．Beautiful day，isn’t it？
天气真好，不是吗？
这是一个省略句，完整的句子是：
It’s a beautiful day，isn’t it？
在口语中谈论天气时有类似省略。
（It’s）Snowing，isn’t it？
天在下雪，不是吗？
2．Sounds like a good idea．
听起来像是个好主意。
这是一个省略了主语（it或that）的句子。完整的句子是：
It／That sounds like a good idea．
3．Take a deep breath and I’ll time you．
你深深地吸一口气，我来给你计时。
take a breath作“呼吸一口气”解释。take breath作“歇一歇、喘口气”解释。例如：After running he stopped to take breath．跑完后他停下来歇一歇。
【练习设计】·基础练习
一、补出下列句子中省略部分
1．Very cold，isn’t it？
1．_______________
2．Sounds reasonable．
2．_______________
3．“Beautiful，isn’t it”“Yes，very．”
3．_______________
4．“Going to school，my child？”“Yes，Aunt．”
4．_______________
5．Hadn’t heard about it．
5．_______________
6．A good idea！
6．_______________
7．Still eating？Must be hungry．
7．_______________
8．Must be off now．Bye-bye．
8．_______________
9．Any more questions？
9．_______________
10．What a day！
10．_______________
二、用所给汉语完成下列句子
1．Silent letters are often____（漏写）by careless students．
2．Her name____（划去）from the list for the English contest．
3．He has been downstairs．He won’t_____（上来）．
4．My friend Tom____（做得好）in all his lessons except maths．
5．How many letters do you receive every week____（平均）？
三、单句改错
1．The young trees I planted here last year are now doing good．
2．Your programme sounds like reasonable．
3．“Take one book at one time，please！”said our teacher．
4．We haven’t made our mind whether to go or not．
5．I wish she will be able to pass the examinations．
【练习设计】·拓展练习
四、选择合适的句子完成对话
A：I haven’t had much exercise recently． 1 What do you do for recreation（娱乐）？
B：For recreation，I like to play table tennis． 2
A：Yes，my favorite sport is playing football． 3 Have you ever been on that kind of team？
B：No．At school，I was on the swimming team． 4 You enjoy swimming，don’t you？
A： 5 However，I do like to watch others swimming．
A．I like all kinds of sports．
B．My only recreation has been watching TV．
C．I enjoyed that．
D．You have a favorite sport，don’t you？
E．No，I don’t like to swim very much．
F．I watched a match on TV last night．
G．I am not good at swimming．
Lesson 62～63
【目标与要求】
一、单词和词组
1）variety 2）depth
3）construction 4）partly
5）merely 6）provide
7）blow sea level
8）on（an／the）average
9）at a time 10）feed on
二、句型
1）Seen from space，the earth looks blue．
2）This is because two thirds of the earth’s sur－ face is made up of vast oceans．
3）That is 3.5％ by weight．
三、语法
学习省略句的用法。
1）Beautiful day，isn’t it？
2）Sounds like a good idea．
【讲解设计】
一、篇章结构
1．中心思想
The three passages in this unit are mainly about the sea，such as minerals and living things in the oceans of the world．We should realize it is necessary for everyone to love and protect the sea as well as the sea life．
2．段落大意
Passage 1：The Sea
Para．1：Vastness of the sea．
Para．2：Salt and other minerals in the sea．
Para．3：The Mediterranean Sea．
Para．4：Coral’s living conditions．
Passage 2：Salt Lakes of the World
Para．1：The Dead Sea－the most famous， but not the saltiest lake．
Para．2：How salty it is and why．
Passage 3：Life in the oceans．
Para．1：Fish living in freezing water．
Para．2：Whales’food．
Para 3：Squids and sperm whales．
二、单词和词组
1．variety n．
1）用作不可数名词，意为“多种多样”。例如：
They lived a life full of variety．
他们的生活充满变化。
2）用作单数可数名词，意为“种种，若干不同的事物”。例如：
He failed to come for a variety of reasons．
他由于种种原因没能来。
3）用作复数名词，意为“变种，变形”。例如：
It’s said that he has some rare varieties of early postage stamps．据说他有一些早期邮票中罕见的品种。
4）variety的形容词形式是various，意为“多种多样的，各种的”。例如：
We talked about various things together．
我们一起谈了各种话题。
2．construction
1）用作不可数名词，意为“施工、建设”。例如：
A new modern hospital is underconstruction （=being built）．一家新的现代化的医院正在建设之中。
2）用作可数名词时常指”建筑物”。例如：
There stands a very solid and beautiful con－ struction．那儿耸立着一座美丽而坚固的建筑。
3．partly
这是个副词，意为“部分地”，相当于in－ part。例如：
My bed is partly made of iron and partly of wood．我的床部分由铁做成，部分由木头做成。
partly的反义词是totally，wholly和com－ pletely，意为“全部地”。
4．provide
这个词与supply（v．）同义，意为“提供、准备、供给”，其结构也相似。
1）作及物动词用。例如：
They have been provided／supplied with what is necessary．他们所需的一切都得到了。
2）作不及物动词用。例如：
He suggested that we should provide for the shortage of food in winter．他建议我们为冬天的食物短缺做好准备。
5．on average
1）on（an／the）average意为“平均”。例如：
My son eats two apples every day on the av－ erage．我儿子平均每天吃两个苹果。
2）above／below（the）average在平均水准以上／下。例如：
Her spoken English is above the average．她的英语口语水平在平均水准以上。
3）average作形容词用，意为“平均的”。例如：
The average temperature is 5℃ this month．
这个月的平均气温是5℃。
6．feed on喂养
1）feed作不及物动词用，feed on sth．意为为“以……为主食”，相当于 live on。例如：
Cows chiefly feed on grass．
牛主要以食草为生。
2）feed作及物动词用，feed…on…，意为“给……吃，用……喂……”。例如：
The old lady feeds her cat on milk every evening．老太太每晚用牛奶喂猫。
She is feeding milk to her cat now．
她正在给猫喂牛奶。
三、句型
1．Seen from space，the earth looks blue．
从太空望去，地球看上去是蓝色的。
句中过去分词短语seen from space相当于一个条件状语从句，与句子主语 the earth在逻辑上是被动的主谓关系。例如：
Seen from the top of the hill，the town looks very beautiful．从山顶上望去，小镇非常漂亮。
Hunted everywhere，the wolf could findnowhere to hide．因为到处遭捕猎，狼找不到藏身的地方。
2．This is because two thirds of the earth’s surface is made up of vast oceans．
这是因为地球的在三分之二是由广阔的海洋构成。
句中 be made up of意为“由……组成”。例如：
The country is made up of a few islands．
这个国家由一些岛屿组成。
make up是个多义词组，常见用法：
Hundreds of parts make up the machine．
几百个零件组成了这台机器。
His father is good at making up stories．
You should make up for your lessons you missed last week．你应该把上周所缺的课补上。
3．That is 3.5％ by weight．
按重量计就是3.5％。
by weight按重量计算。by是介词，相当于according to，意为“按照、依照”。例如：
In Britain，sugar is sold by the pound，eggs by the dozen and cloth by the yard．英国，糖是按磅卖，蛋是按打卖，布是按码卖。
四、语法
省略句的用法
为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成份有时可省略。如：
（I）See you later．（省主语）
（There is）No smoking．（省谓语）
Why（do you）not say goodbye to him？ （省主谓语的一部分）
“Would you go with me？”“Yes，I’d like to（go with you）．”（省宾语）
“Are you hungry？”“Yes，I am（hun－ gry）．”（省表语）
（If I am）Given more time，I can do it bet－ ter．（省状语从句中主语和be）
The lady（who is）talking to my teacher is my mother．（省关系词和be）
【练习设计】·基础练习
一、单词辨音
1．bathe A．breath B．baths
C．depth D．thirsty
2．quiet A．died B．niece
C．variety D．believe
3．great A．mountain B．captain
C．said D．sailor
4．near A．merely B．affair
C．wear D．there
5．consider A．comedy B．concert
C．company D．construction
二、单词拼写
1．If you have someone repeat a sentence，you should say，“I beg your p____？”
2．Please c____the word out and write it again．
3．The new bridge over the river is under c____.
4．You can find a large v____ of books in the bookshop．
5．I used to take c____ for a plant．Now I know it is a kind of animal in the sea.
6．I haven’t decided whether to go on a____（航海）or not．
7．The____（船长）told me a very funny story．
8．A sperm whale can dive to a____（深度）of 1000 metres.
9．How much rain do you have every year on____（平均）？
10．He will become a____（水手）when he grows up．
三、单项填空
1.—Have you ever seen a sperm whale？—No， but I wish I____.
A．will B．have C．did D．had
2．—Don’t forget to come to my birthday party next week.—____．
A．I can’t B．I haven’t
C．I won’t D．I don’t
3．—Shall I wake him up tomorrow morning？—Yes，____.
A．you shall B．you will
C．you may D．please do
4．—Will it rain tomorrow？—I’m afraid____.
A．so B．this C．to D．will
5．—I’ ll be away on business for a few days． Would you mind looking after my dog？—Not at all．____.
A．I have no time B．I’d like it
C．I’d rather not D．I’d be happy to
6．—Have you been here lonh？—____．
A．No，not very B.not much
C．Yes， only little D．No， only yesterday
7．I noticed how Jane talked to Tom and____.
A．when he answered her B．he answered her
C．how he talk to her D．he will talk to her
8．We mustn’t judge a stranger only____ the clothes he wears．
A．for B．by C．with D．in
9．Mr Brown feeds his little dog____ meat every day．
A．by B．with C．on D．to
10．I do____ that I could help you with your English．
A．think B．suggest C．wish D．hope
11.____very hard，the man was black and blue all over．
A．Because he beat B．When beating
C．Beaten D．Being beaten
12．—They have saved the____woman， haven’t they？—No，unfortunately she is____．
A．downed， drowned B．drowning， drowning
C．drowning， drowned D．drowned， drowning
13．The scientists have made up their____ on with their experiment．
A．mind to go B．minds to go
C．mind going D．minds going
14．Mary did quite____in the exam，but she didn’t feel____that morning．
A．well， good B．
